Replace Ubuntu with Debian in WSL 2 Without Losing Your Backup
I wanted a smaller Debian environment in WSL 2, so these notes document a safe replacement workflow.
Important correction
Importing an Ubuntu export under a name such as Debian-Backup does not convert it to Debian. It creates another WSL distribution containing the same Ubuntu root filesystem. Install a clean Debian distribution and migrate only the files and configuration you need.
⚠️ EFCloud Shut Down on January 25, 2025
On January 25, 2025, EFCloud shut down. Its website was inaccessible and its subscriptions no longer worked. The shutdown has been confirmed, and this site no longer recommends the service.
At the time, XSUS offered to take over EFCloud users and transfer part of their remaining subscriptions. Users were directed to the Telegram group @xsusvpn for details.
Warning
XSUS triggered a shutdown risk alert on April 28, 2025. This site does not recommend using XSUS.
Risk-monitoring board
Many proxy services have recently become unreachable after data centers removed their servers. Consult the
Install and Use Clash Verge Rev on macOS
Clash Verge Rev is a proxy client for macOS with builds for both Apple Silicon and Intel processors. This guide explains how to install the app, import a subscription, select a node, and configure the proxy.
Recommended Android TV Apps and Downloads
This page recommends several Android TV apps and provides their download links.
Back Up FNOS Files to OneDrive with Docker
This guide runs the maintained OneDrive Client for Linux in Docker on FNOS. It covers authorization, persistent configuration, safer upload-only settings, and restore testing.
Shadowrocket Download, Installation, and Subscription Guide (2026)
Shadowrocket is a rule-based proxy client. It does not supply servers or a proxy service. You need a compatible subscription or server configuration to connect.
Official download: Shadowrocket on the U.S. App Store. Apple's listing and public lookup interface, checked on October 1, 2026, show version 2.2.92, a price of US$2.99, iOS 13 or later, and developer Shadow Launch Technology Limited. Store availability and prices can change; use your account's current checkout information.
Before purchasing
If you prefer a free client, see the
Already installed the app but have no servers? Read the
Install Clash Verge on Windows, Linux, and macOS
This guide provides direct and GitHub downloads for Clash Verge, installation notes for Windows, macOS, and Linux, subscription import steps, TUN and system-proxy configuration, and basic troubleshooting.
Installing OpenWrt on a Software Router
A friend recently asked me to install OpenWrt on a software router. I wrote down the process for anyone who wants to do the same.
HTTP Response Status Codes: A Practical Reference
An HTTP response status code tells a client how the server handled a request. The first digit groups the response into one of five classes: informational, successful, redirection, client error, or server error.
Export and Import MongoDB Data on Ubuntu 22.04
These notes cover moving a limited production-data sample into a development environment with MongoDB's command-line tools.
Protect production data
Export only data you are authorized to use. Remove or anonymize personal and secret values before moving a production sample into development, encrypt backup files at rest, and delete temporary copies when the test is complete.
Ermao
Independent notes and honest reviews